トリウム
90
Th
族
該当なし
周期
7
ブロック
f
陽子
電子
中性子
90
90
142
一般特性
原子番号
90
原子量
232.03806
質量数
232
カテゴリ
アクチノイド
色
銀色
放射性
はい
Named after Thor, Scandinavian god of war
結晶構造
面心立方格子
歴史
Thorium was discovered by Jöns Jacob Berzelius in 1828, in Stockholm, Sweden.
Thorium was first observed to be radioactive in 1898, independently, by Polish-French physicist Marie Curie and German chemist Gerhard Carl Schmidt.
The crystal bar process was discovered by Anton Eduard van Arkel and Jan Hendrik de Boer in 1925 to produce high-purity metallic thorium.
Thorium was first observed to be radioactive in 1898, independently, by Polish-French physicist Marie Curie and German chemist Gerhard Carl Schmidt.
The crystal bar process was discovered by Anton Eduard van Arkel and Jan Hendrik de Boer in 1925 to produce high-purity metallic thorium.
電子殻
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 10, 2
電子配置
[Rn] 6d2 7s2
Thorium fuel research is continuing in several countries including the USA and India
物理特性
相
固体
密度
11.7 g/㎝3
融点
2115.15 K | 1842 °C | 3347.6 °F
沸点
5061.15 K | 4788 °C | 8650.4 °F
融解熱
16 kJ/mol
蒸発熱
530 kJ/mol
熱容量
0.113 J/g·K
地殻中における存在比
0.0006%
宇宙空間における存在比
4×10-8%
画像の出典: Wikimedia Commons (NASA/ESA/JHU/R.Sankrit & W.Blair)
The Earth's thorium originated in the death throes of ancient stars
CAS登録番号
7440-29-1
PubChem CID番号
23960
原子特性
原子半径
179 pm
共有結合半径
206 pm
電気陰性度
1.3 (ポーリングの値)
イオン化エネルギー
6.3067 eV
モル体積
19.9 ㎝3/mol
熱伝導率
0.54 W/㎝·K
酸化数
2, 3, 4
用途
Thorium is used to coat tungsten filaments in light bulbs.
It is also used in its oxide form in gas tungsten arc welding to increase the high-temperature strength of tungsten electrodes and improve arc stability.
Thorium-magnesium alloys are used in the aerospace industry for aircraft engines.
It is also used in its oxide form in gas tungsten arc welding to increase the high-temperature strength of tungsten electrodes and improve arc stability.
Thorium-magnesium alloys are used in the aerospace industry for aircraft engines.
Thorium is highly radioactive
同位体
安定同位体
232Th不安定同位体
209Th, 210Th, 211Th, 212Th, 213Th, 214Th, 215Th, 216Th, 217Th, 218Th, 219Th, 220Th, 221Th, 222Th, 223Th, 224Th, 225Th, 226Th, 227Th, 228Th, 229Th, 230Th, 231Th, 233Th, 234Th, 235Th, 236Th, 237Th, 238Th