窒素
7
N
族
15
周期
2
ブロック
p
陽子
電子
中性子
7
7
7
一般特性
原子番号
7
原子量
14.0067
質量数
14
カテゴリ
非金属元素
色
無色
放射性
いいえ
ラテン語の「nitrum」、ギリシャ語の「Nitron」、ネイティブソーダから。 と「遺伝子」、形成
結晶構造
六方最密構造
歴史
Nitrogen is considered to have been discovered by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772, who called it noxious air or fixed air.
It was also studied at about the same time by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Henry Cavendish and Joseph Priestley.
In 1790 the French chemist Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal named the element nitrogen.
It was also studied at about the same time by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Henry Cavendish and Joseph Priestley.
In 1790 the French chemist Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal named the element nitrogen.
電子殻
2, 5
電子配置
[He] 2s2 2p3
Nitrogen is present in all living organisms, in proteins, nucleic acids and other molecules
物理特性
相
気体
密度
0.0012506 g/㎝3
融点
63.15 K | -210 °C | -346 °F
沸点
77.36 K | -195.79 °C | -320.42 °F
融解熱
0.36 kJ/mol
蒸発熱
2.79 kJ/mol
熱容量
1.04 J/g·K
地殻中における存在比
0.002%
宇宙空間における存在比
0.1%
CAS登録番号
7727-37-9
PubChem CID番号
947
原子特性
原子半径
56 pm
共有結合半径
71 pm
電気陰性度
3.04 (ポーリングの値)
イオン化エネルギー
14.5341 eV
モル体積
17.3 ㎝3/mol
熱伝導率
0.0002598 W/㎝·K
酸化数
-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
用途
Nitrogen is used to produce ammonia and fertilizers, vital for current food production methods.
Liquid nitrogen is used as a refrigerant.
Nitric acid is used as an oxidizing agent in liquid fueled rockets.
Nitrogen is a constituent of molecules in every major drug class in pharmacology and medicine.
Liquid nitrogen is used as a refrigerant.
Nitric acid is used as an oxidizing agent in liquid fueled rockets.
Nitrogen is a constituent of molecules in every major drug class in pharmacology and medicine.
Rapid release of nitrogen gas into an enclosed space can displace oxygen, and therefore represents an asphyxiation hazard
同位体
安定同位体
14N, 15N不安定同位体
10N, 11N, 12N, 13N, 16N, 17N, 18N, 19N, 20N, 21N, 22N, 23N, 24N, 25N