酸素
8
O
族
16
周期
2
ブロック
p
陽子
電子
中性子
8
8
8
一般特性
原子番号
8
原子量
15.9994
質量数
16
カテゴリ
非金属元素
色
無色
放射性
いいえ
名前の由来は、ギリシャ語の oxys (酸) と genes (成形) を合わせた言葉です。
結晶構造
底心 単斜晶
歴史
Carl Wilhelm Scheele obtained oxygen by heating mercuric oxide and nitrates in 1771, but did not publish his findings until 1777.
Joseph Priestley also prepared this new air by 1774.
The name oxygen was coined in 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion.
Joseph Priestley also prepared this new air by 1774.
The name oxygen was coined in 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion.
電子殻
2, 6
電子配置
[He] 2s2 2p4
Green and red colors in the Aurora Borealis are caused by oxygen atoms
物理特性
相
気体
密度
0.001429 g/㎝3
融点
54.36 K | -218.79 °C | -361.82 °F
沸点
90.2 K | -182.95 °C | -297.31 °F
融解熱
0.222 kJ/mol
蒸発熱
3.41 kJ/mol
熱容量
0.918 J/g·K
地殻中における存在比
46%
宇宙空間における存在比
1%
CAS登録番号
7782-44-7
PubChem CID番号
977
原子特性
原子半径
48 pm
共有結合半径
66 pm
電気陰性度
3.44 (ポーリングの値)
イオン化エネルギー
13.6181 eV
モル体積
14.0 ㎝3/mol
熱伝導率
0.0002674 W/㎝·K
酸化数
-2, -1, 1, 2
用途
Pure oxygen is frequently used to help breathing in patients with respiratory ailments.
Oxygen is used in oxyacetylene welding, as an oxidant for rocket fuel, and in methanol and ethylene oxide production.
It is also used in the production of steel, plastics and textiles.
Plants and animals rely on oxygen for respiration.
Oxygen is used in oxyacetylene welding, as an oxidant for rocket fuel, and in methanol and ethylene oxide production.
It is also used in the production of steel, plastics and textiles.
Plants and animals rely on oxygen for respiration.
Oxygen gas can be toxic at elevated partial pressures, leading to convulsions and other health problems
同位体
安定同位体
16O, 17O, 18O不安定同位体
12O, 13O, 14O, 15O, 19O, 20O, 21O, 22O, 23O, 24O, 25O, 26O, 27O, 28O