イリジウム
77
Ir
族
9
周期
6
ブロック
d
陽子
電子
中性子
77
77
115
一般特性
原子番号
77
原子量
192.217
質量数
192
カテゴリ
遷移元素
色
銀色
放射性
いいえ
From the Latin word iris meaning rainbow
結晶構造
面心立方格子
歴史
Iridium was discovered in 1803 by English chemist Smithson Tennant in London.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
電子殻
2, 8, 18, 32, 15, 2
電子配置
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2
Iridium is the most corrosion-resistant metal known
物理特性
相
固体
密度
22.56 g/㎝3
融点
2739.15 K | 2466 °C | 4470.8 °F
沸点
4701.15 K | 4428 °C | 8002.4 °F
融解熱
26 kJ/mol
蒸発熱
560 kJ/mol
熱容量
0.131 J/g·K
地殻中における存在比
4×10-8%
宇宙空間における存在比
2×10-7%
CAS登録番号
7439-88-5
PubChem CID番号
23924
原子特性
原子半径
136 pm
共有結合半径
141 pm
電気陰性度
2.2 (ポーリングの値)
イオン化エネルギー
8.967 eV
モル体積
8.54 ㎝3/mol
熱伝導率
1.47 W/㎝·K
酸化数
-3, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
用途
Iridium is used in making crucibles and other equipment that is used at high temperatures.
Iridium is also used as a hardening agent in platinum alloys.
Its resistance to arc erosion makes iridium alloys ideal for electrical contacts for spark plugs.
Radioactive isotopes of iridium are used in radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer.
Iridium is also used as a hardening agent in platinum alloys.
Its resistance to arc erosion makes iridium alloys ideal for electrical contacts for spark plugs.
Radioactive isotopes of iridium are used in radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer.
Iridium is considered to be of low toxicity
同位体
安定同位体
191Ir, 193Ir不安定同位体
164Ir, 165Ir, 166Ir, 167Ir, 168Ir, 169Ir, 170Ir, 171Ir, 172Ir, 173Ir, 174Ir, 175Ir, 176Ir, 177Ir, 178Ir, 179Ir, 180Ir, 181Ir, 182Ir, 183Ir, 184Ir, 185Ir, 186Ir, 187Ir, 188Ir, 189Ir, 190Ir, 192Ir, 194Ir, 195Ir, 196Ir, 197Ir, 198Ir, 199Ir