ヨウ素
53
I
族
17
周期
5
ブロック
p
陽子
電子
中性子
53
53
74
一般特性
原子番号
53
原子量
126.90447
質量数
127
カテゴリ
ハロゲン
色
灰白色
放射性
いいえ
From the Greek word iodes, violet
結晶構造
底心 斜方晶系
歴史
Iodine was discovered by French chemist Bernard Courtois in 1811.
He treated the liquor obtained from the extraction of kelp, with sulfuric acid to produce a vapour with a violet color.
In 1812, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac demonstrated that iodine was an element and its chemical relationship to chlorine.
He treated the liquor obtained from the extraction of kelp, with sulfuric acid to produce a vapour with a violet color.
In 1812, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac demonstrated that iodine was an element and its chemical relationship to chlorine.
電子殻
2, 8, 18, 18, 7
電子配置
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5
Kelp was the main source of natural iodine in the 18th and 19th centuries
物理特性
相
固体
密度
4.93 g/㎝3
融点
386.85 K | 113.7 °C | 236.66 °F
沸点
457.4 K | 184.25 °C | 363.65 °F
融解熱
7.76 kJ/mol
蒸発熱
20.9 kJ/mol
熱容量
0.214 J/g·K
地殻中における存在比
0.000049%
宇宙空間における存在比
1×10-7%
CAS登録番号
7553-56-2
PubChem CID番号
807
原子特性
原子半径
140 pm
共有結合半径
139 pm
電気陰性度
2.66 (ポーリングの値)
イオン化エネルギー
10.4513 eV
モル体積
25.74 ㎝3/mol
熱伝導率
0.00449 W/㎝·K
酸化数
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
用途
Iodine compounds are important in organic chemistry and very useful in medicine.
A solution containing potassium iodide and iodine in alcohol is used to disinfect external wounds.
Silver iodide is a major ingredient to traditional photographic film.
Iodine is added to table salt to prevent thyroid disease.
A solution containing potassium iodide and iodine in alcohol is used to disinfect external wounds.
Silver iodide is a major ingredient to traditional photographic film.
Iodine is added to table salt to prevent thyroid disease.
Elemental iodine is toxic if taken orally
同位体
安定同位体
127I不安定同位体
108I, 109I, 110I, 111I, 112I, 113I, 114I, 115I, 116I, 117I, 118I, 119I, 120I, 121I, 122I, 123I, 124I, 125I, 126I, 128I, 129I, 130I, 131I, 132I, 133I, 134I, 135I, 136I, 137I, 138I, 139I, 140I, 141I, 142I, 143I, 144I