カルシウム
20
Ca
族
2
周期
4
ブロック
s
陽子
電子
中性子
20
20
20
一般特性
原子番号
20
原子量
40.078
質量数
40
カテゴリ
アルカリ土類金属
色
銀色
放射性
いいえ
From the Latin word calx, lime
結晶構造
面心立方格子
歴史
Calcium was known as early as the first century when the Ancient Romans prepared lime as calcium oxide.
Calcium was first isolated by Sir Humphry Davy in 1808 when he electrolyzed a mixture of lime and mercuric oxide.
Davy was trying to isolate calcium; when he heard that Jöns Jakob Berzelius and Pontin prepared calcium amalgam by electrolyzing lime in mercury, he tried it himself.
Calcium was first isolated by Sir Humphry Davy in 1808 when he electrolyzed a mixture of lime and mercuric oxide.
Davy was trying to isolate calcium; when he heard that Jöns Jakob Berzelius and Pontin prepared calcium amalgam by electrolyzing lime in mercury, he tried it himself.
電子殻
2, 8, 8, 2
電子配置
[Ar] 4s2
The shell of an egg is made up of primarily calcium carbonate
物理特性
相
固体
密度
1.54 g/㎝3
融点
1115.15 K | 842 °C | 1547.6 °F
沸点
1757.15 K | 1484 °C | 2703.2 °F
融解熱
8.54 kJ/mol
蒸発熱
155 kJ/mol
熱容量
0.647 J/g·K
地殻中における存在比
5%
宇宙空間における存在比
0.007%
CAS登録番号
7440-70-2
PubChem CID番号
5460341
原子特性
原子半径
197 pm
共有結合半径
176 pm
電気陰性度
1.00 (ポーリングの値)
イオン化エネルギー
6.1132 eV
モル体積
29.9 ㎝3/mol
熱伝導率
2.01 W/㎝·K
酸化数
1, 2
用途
Calcium is used to remove oxygen, sulfur and carbon from alloys.
It is also used as an alloying agent used in the production of aluminum, beryllium, copper, lead, and magnesium alloys.
Calcium is used as a reducing agent in the extraction of other metals, such as uranium, zirconium, and thorium.
Calcium carbonate is used in manufacturing cement and mortar, lime and limestone.
It is also used as an alloying agent used in the production of aluminum, beryllium, copper, lead, and magnesium alloys.
Calcium is used as a reducing agent in the extraction of other metals, such as uranium, zirconium, and thorium.
Calcium carbonate is used in manufacturing cement and mortar, lime and limestone.
Calcium is considered to be non-toxic
同位体
安定同位体
40Ca, 42Ca, 43Ca, 44Ca, 46Ca不安定同位体
34Ca, 35Ca, 36Ca, 37Ca, 38Ca, 39Ca, 41Ca, 45Ca, 47Ca, 48Ca, 49Ca, 50Ca, 51Ca, 52Ca, 53Ca, 54Ca, 55Ca, 56Ca, 57Ca