プルトニウム
94
Pu
族
該当なし
周期
7
ブロック
f
陽子
電子
中性子
94
94
150
一般特性
原子番号
94
原子量
[244]
質量数
244
カテゴリ
アクチノイド
色
銀色
放射性
はい
Named after the planet Pluto
結晶構造
単純 単斜晶
歴史
Plutonium was first produced in 1940 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Edwin M. McMillan, Joseph W. Kennedy and Arthur Wahl.
Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.
The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.
The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
電子殻
2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2
電子配置
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
The atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan in 1945 had a plutonium core
物理特性
相
固体
密度
19.816 g/㎝3
融点
912.55 K | 639.4 °C | 1182.92 °F
沸点
3501.15 K | 3228 °C | 5842.4 °F
融解熱
該当なし
蒸発熱
325 kJ/mol
熱容量
-
地殻中における存在比
該当なし
宇宙空間における存在比
該当なし
画像の出典: Wikimedia Commons (Los Alamos National Laboratory)
A ring of weapons-grade 99.96% pure electrorefined plutonium, enough for one bomb core
CAS登録番号
7440-07-5
PubChem CID番号
23940
原子特性
原子半径
159 pm
共有結合半径
187 pm
電気陰性度
1.28 (ポーリングの値)
イオン化エネルギー
6.0262 eV
モル体積
12.32 ㎝3/mol
熱伝導率
0.0674 W/㎝·K
酸化数
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
用途
The isotope plutonium-239 is a key fissile component in nuclear weapons, due to its ease of fission and availability.
Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.
Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.
Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium is harmful due to its radioactivity
同位体
安定同位体
-不安定同位体
228Pu, 229Pu, 230Pu, 231Pu, 232Pu, 233Pu, 234Pu, 235Pu, 236Pu, 237Pu, 238Pu, 239Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu, 242Pu, 243Pu, 244Pu, 245Pu, 246Pu, 247Pu