ルビジウム
37
Rb
族
1
周期
5
ブロック
s
陽子
電子
中性子
37
37
48
一般特性
原子番号
37
原子量
85.4678
質量数
85
カテゴリ
アルカリ金属
色
銀色
放射性
いいえ
From the Latin word rubidus, deepest red
結晶構造
体心立方格子
歴史
German chemists Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff discovered rubidium in 1861 by the newly developed method of flame spectroscopy.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
電子殻
2, 8, 18, 8, 1
電子配置
[Kr] 5s1
Rubidium burns with a reddish-violet flame color
物理特性
相
固体
密度
1.532 g/㎝3
融点
312.46 K | 39.31 °C | 102.76 °F
沸点
961.15 K | 688 °C | 1270.4 °F
融解熱
2.19 kJ/mol
蒸発熱
72 kJ/mol
熱容量
0.363 J/g·K
地殻中における存在比
0.006%
宇宙空間における存在比
1×10-6%
CAS登録番号
7440-17-7
PubChem CID番号
5357696
原子特性
原子半径
248 pm
共有結合半径
220 pm
電気陰性度
0.82 (ポーリングの値)
イオン化エネルギー
4.1771 eV
モル体積
55.9 ㎝3/mol
熱伝導率
0.582 W/㎝·K
酸化数
-1, 1
用途
Rubidium is used as a getter in vacuum tubes and as a photocell component.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium is not known to be toxic
同位体
安定同位体
85Rb不安定同位体
71Rb, 72Rb, 73Rb, 74Rb, 75Rb, 76Rb, 77Rb, 78Rb, 79Rb, 80Rb, 81Rb, 82Rb, 83Rb, 84Rb, 86Rb, 87Rb, 88Rb, 89Rb, 90Rb, 91Rb, 92Rb, 93Rb, 94Rb, 95Rb, 96Rb, 97Rb, 98Rb, 99Rb, 100Rb, 101Rb, 102Rb