バナジウム
23
V
族
5
周期
4
ブロック
d
陽子
電子
中性子
23
23
28
一般特性
原子番号
23
原子量
50.9415
質量数
51
カテゴリ
遷移元素
色
銀色
放射性
いいえ
Named after Scandinavian goddess, Vanadis
結晶構造
体心立方格子
歴史
Vanadium was originally discovered by Andrés Manuel del Río in 1801.
In 1805, the French chemist Hippolyte Victor Collet-Descotils incorrectly declared that del Río's new element was only an impure sample of chromium.
In 1831, the Swedish chemist Nils Gabriel Sefström rediscovered the element in a new oxide he found while working with iron ores.
Later that same year, Friedrich Wöhler confirmed del Río's earlier work.
In 1805, the French chemist Hippolyte Victor Collet-Descotils incorrectly declared that del Río's new element was only an impure sample of chromium.
In 1831, the Swedish chemist Nils Gabriel Sefström rediscovered the element in a new oxide he found while working with iron ores.
Later that same year, Friedrich Wöhler confirmed del Río's earlier work.
電子殻
2, 8, 11, 2
電子配置
[Ar] 3d3 4s2
Vanadium is mined mostly in South Africa, north-western China, and eastern Russia
物理特性
相
固体
密度
6.11 g/㎝3
融点
2183.15 K | 1910 °C | 3470 °F
沸点
3680.15 K | 3407 °C | 6164.6 °F
融解熱
22.8 kJ/mol
蒸発熱
453 kJ/mol
熱容量
0.489 J/g·K
地殻中における存在比
0.019%
宇宙空間における存在比
0.0001%
CAS登録番号
7440-62-2
PubChem CID番号
23990
原子特性
原子半径
134 pm
共有結合半径
153 pm
電気陰性度
1.63 (ポーリングの値)
イオン化エネルギー
6.8281 eV
モル体積
8.78 ㎝3/mol
熱伝導率
0.307 W/㎝·K
酸化数
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
用途
Vanadium is used as an additive in steel to strengthen and protect against corrosion.
Titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy is used in jet engines and for high-speed aircraft.
Vanadium foil is used in cladding titanium to steel.
Vanadium pentoxide is used in ceramics and as a catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid.
Titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy is used in jet engines and for high-speed aircraft.
Vanadium foil is used in cladding titanium to steel.
Vanadium pentoxide is used in ceramics and as a catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid.
All vanadium compounds should be considered toxic
同位体
安定同位体
51V不安定同位体
40V, 41V, 42V, 43V, 44V, 45V, 46V, 47V, 48V, 49V, 50V, 52V, 53V, 54V, 55V, 56V, 57V, 58V, 59V, 60V, 61V, 62V, 63V, 64V, 65V