ナトリウム

11
Na
1
周期
3
ブロック
s
陽子
電子
中性子
11
11
12
一般特性
原子番号
11
原子量
22.98976928
質量数
23
カテゴリ
アルカリ金属
銀色
放射性
いいえ
From the English word, soda; Medieval Latin, sodanum: a headache remedy
結晶構造
体心立方格子
歴史
The chemical abbreviation for sodium was first published by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in his system of atomic symbols.

It is a contraction of the element's new Latin name natrium, which refers to the Egyptian natron, a natural mineral salt primarily made of hydrated sodium carbonate.

In 1807, Sir Humphry Davy isolated sodium for the first time by electrolysis of dried sodium hydroxide, which had been very slightly moistened.
電子殻
2, 8, 1
電子配置
[Ne] 3s1
Na
Sodium burns in air with a brilliant yellow flame
物理特性
固体
密度
0.971 g/㎝3
融点
370.87 K | 97.72 °C | 207.9 °F
沸点
1156.15 K | 883 °C | 1621.4 °F
融解熱
2.6 kJ/mol
蒸発熱
97.7 kJ/mol
熱容量
1.228 J/g·K
地殻中における存在比
2.3%
宇宙空間における存在比
0.002%
Sodium
画像の出典: Wikimedia Commons (Dnn87)
Sodium metal from the Dennis s.k collection
CAS登録番号
7440-23-5
PubChem CID番号
5360545
原子特性
原子半径
186 pm
共有結合半径
166 pm
電気陰性度
0.93 (ポーリングの値)
イオン化エネルギー
5.1391 eV
モル体積
23.7 ㎝3/mol
熱伝導率
1.41 W/㎝·K
酸化数
-1, 1
用途
Metallic sodium is vital in the manufacture of esters and in the preparation of organic compounds.

Sodium vapor lamps are often used for street lighting in cities.

Liquid sodium is used as a heat transfer fluid in some fast reactors.

Sodium is also used as an alloying metal, an anti-scaling agent, and as a reducing agent for metals when other materials are ineffective.
Sodium metal should be handled with great care as it cannot be maintained in an inert atmosphere
同位体
安定同位体
23Na
不安定同位体
18Na, 19Na, 20Na, 21Na, 22Na, 24Na, 25Na, 26Na, 27Na, 28Na, 29Na, 30Na, 31Na, 32Na, 33Na, 34Na, 35Na, 36Na, 37Na