水素
1
H
族
1
周期
1
ブロック
s
陽子
電子
中性子
1
1
0
一般特性
原子番号
1
原子量
1.00794
質量数
1
カテゴリ
非金属元素
色
無色
放射性
いいえ
名前の由来は、 ギリシャ語の hydro (水) と、 genes (成形) を合わせた言葉です
結晶構造
六方最密構造
歴史
Henry Cavendish was the first to distinguish hydrogen from other gases in 1766 when he prepared it by reacting hydrochloric acid with zinc.
In 1670, English scientist Robert Boyle had observed its production by reacting strong acids with metals.
French scientist Antoine Lavoisier later named the element hydrogen in 1783.
In 1670, English scientist Robert Boyle had observed its production by reacting strong acids with metals.
French scientist Antoine Lavoisier later named the element hydrogen in 1783.
電子殻
1
電子配置
1s1
Hydrogen is the primary component of Jupiter and the other gas giant planets
物理特性
相
気体
密度
0.00008988 g/㎝3
融点
14.01 K | -259.14 °C | -434.45 °F
沸点
20.28 K | -252.87 °C | -423.17 °F
融解熱
0.558 kJ/mol
蒸発熱
0.452 kJ/mol
熱容量
14.304 J/g·K
地殻中における存在比
0.15%
宇宙空間における存在比
75%
CAS登録番号
1333-74-0
PubChem CID番号
783
原子特性
原子半径
53 pm
共有結合半径
31 pm
電気陰性度
2.2 (ポーリングの値)
イオン化エネルギー
13.5984 eV
モル体積
14.4 ㎝3/mol
熱伝導率
0.001815 W/㎝·K
酸化数
-1, 1
用途
Liquid hydrogen is used as a rocket fuel.
Hydrogen is commonly used in power stations as a coolant in generators.
Hydrogen's two heavier isotopes (deuterium and tritium) are used in nuclear fusion.
Used as a shielding gas in welding methods such as atomic hydrogen welding.
Hydrogen is commonly used in power stations as a coolant in generators.
Hydrogen's two heavier isotopes (deuterium and tritium) are used in nuclear fusion.
Used as a shielding gas in welding methods such as atomic hydrogen welding.
Hydrogen poses a number of hazards to safety, from fires when mixed with air to being an asphyxiant in its pure form
同位体
安定同位体
1H, 2H不安定同位体
3H, 4H, 5H, 6H, 7H